Image Processing Types

Many types of image processing can be classified into some categories:

1. Pixel operation, is an operation of pixels, that each pixel in an image is operated independently, means that the value of the pixel is not affected by other pixels value. It depends solely on its previous value and the operation parameters. Brightness and contrast manipulation are the examples.
   
2. Global operation, when a global characteristic of an image is used to deduct the parameter to operate each pixel. The global characteristic is usually determined using statistical method, for example is automatic brightness and contrast equalization, where the histogram is redistributed for a better distribution.
3. Multi-frame operation, where an image is operated with other images to get a result. For example is the generation of transitional image of subsequent slow motion picture. When a 20 fps (frames per second) movie will be played back four times slower, it looks smoother if we show them in 20 fps with 3 additional transition frames between the two original frames, rather than show only the original frames by 5 fps.
4. Geometric operation, where the shape, size, or the orientation is modified. Resizing and skewing are some examples.
5. Neighboring pixels operation, where the result of a pixel operation depends not only on its previous value but also on other surrounding pixels values. Smoothing and sharpening operation are some examples.
6. Morphologic operation, is operation that is focused on specific image region. This operation is closely related to image analysis, because it deals with object/morph detection algorithm.